Holy Mysteries (Sacraments)
Holy Baptism
Burial with Christ and rising with Him, in water: the Mystery by which a person is born into the Church. The Orthodox rite begins with exorcisms; the candidate, or the godparent for a child, faces west to renounce Satan and blows and spits against him, then faces east to unite with Christ and says the Creed. The water is blessed, the candidate anointed with oil, and immersed three times in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. There follow at once the white garment, the cross, chrismation, and first communion, and a few locks of hair are cut as a first offering. Infants are baptised and communed as members of the Church in full. The Creed confesses one baptism for the remission of sins, and converts from other churches are received by baptism or, by economy, by chrismation or by confession of faith, as local practice decides.
The texts
The form
The servant of God, N., is baptised in the name of the Father, amen; and of the Son, amen; and of the Holy Spirit, amen.
Βαπτίζεται ὁ δοῦλος τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὁ δεῖνα, εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρός, ἀμήν· καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, ἀμήν· καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος, ἀμήν.
Said once for each Person while the candidate is immersed three times. The passive voice is deliberate and is the whole theology of the sacrament: the priest does not baptise, God does.
The renunciation, and the union with Christ
Dost thou renounce Satan, and all his works, and all his angels, and all his worship, and all his pomp?
I do renounce him.
Dost thou unite thyself to Christ?
I do unite myself to Christ.
Ἀποτάσσῃ τῷ Σατανᾷ, καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτοῦ, καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάσῃ τῇ λατρείᾳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάσῃ τῇ πομπῇ αὐτοῦ;
Ἀποτάσσομαι.
Συντάσσῃ τῷ Χριστῷ;
Συντάσσομαι.
Each question is asked three times, of the one to be baptised or of the godparent for a child: first facing west, ending with a breath and a spitting against the one renounced, then facing east, ending with the Creed.
Sources
- Romans 6:3-4 the Greek New Testament
- Gospel of Matthew 28:19 the Greek New Testament
- The Euchologion, the Order of Holy Baptism OCA, the services
- St. Cyril of Jerusalem, Mystagogical Catecheses I-II NPNF
- The Didache 7 ANF
Connections
- Ancestral Sin (vs. Original Sin)
- For the Life of the World (Fr. Schmemann)
- Holy Chrismation (Confirmation)
- Holy Eucharist (Communion)
- Holy Water (Agiasmos)
- Monastic Tonsure
- Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed
- Patristic Typology
- Soteriology (Salvation)
- St. Cyril of Jerusalem
- St. John the Forerunner (the Baptist)
- St. Nicholas Cabasilas
- The Baptism of Rus (988)
- The Didache (Teaching of the Twelve)
- The Great Blessing of the Waters